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--- store_games_on_a_second_usb_sata_drive [2021/08/27 05:56] – cleanup atari
+++ store_games_on_a_second_usb_sata_drive [2026/06/10 15:28] (current) – Tip for storage manager lbrpdx
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-~~NOTOC~~
+====== Using External Storage with Batocera ======
+<WRAP tip>
+Batocera v43 introduced Storage Manager, which simplifies multi-drive storage management.
-To enable external storage, follow these steps:
+See: [[storage_manager|Storage Manager]]
+</WRAP>
-  - Open the **Main Menu** with ''[START]'' and navigate to **System Settings** > **Storage Device**. {{ install2.jpg?nolink&500 }} {{ external-storage1.jpg?nolink&500 }}
+To change the storage device from INTERNAL (the drive Batocera has been flashed to) to EXTERNAL (another drive connected to the machine), follow these steps:
-  - Select your storage device. Selecting "AnyExternal" will use the first external storage device that connects. How does your system decide what the first external storage device is when there is more than one connected? [[https://access.redhat.com/solutions/67778|I'd like]] to [[https://tldp.org/HOWTO/Partition-Mass-Storage-Definitions-Naming-HOWTO/x99.html|know too]]. {{ external-storage2.jpg?nolink&500 }}
-In most cases, using a second USB hard drive to host your ROMs separately from the Batocera system should be totally transparent when you [[storage_device|use the dedicated menu item]] to enable it. According to Batocera, it will just appear as if though the ''roms/'' folder is on your ''userdata/'' partition.
+  - Open the **Main Menu** with ''[START]'' and navigate to **SYSTEM SETTINGS** -> **STORAGE DEVICE**.\\ {{install2.jpg?nolink&500}} {{external-storage1.jpg?nolink&500}}
+  - Select the storage device. Selecting "AnyExternal" will use the first external storage device that connects. How does your system decide what the first external storage device is when there is more than one connected? [[https://access.redhat.com/solutions/67778|I'd like]] to [[https://tldp.org/HOWTO/Partition-Mass-Storage-Definitions-Naming-HOWTO/x99.html|know too]].\\ {{external-storage2.jpg?nolink&500}}
-Batocera has a built-in tools to format drives. <wrap em>BE ULTRA CAREFUL WHEN USING THIS, AS YOU CAN DESTROY ALL DATA WITH IT!</wrap> You can prepare the drive in [[batocera.linux_architecture#user_data_file_system|the right format]] by using **Main Menu** > **System Settings** > **Developer** > **Format a Disk**.
+In most cases, using a second USB hard drive to host your ROMs separately from the Batocera system should be completely transparent when this method is used to enable it. According to Batocera, it will just appear as if though the ''roms'' folder on your external drive is actually on your ''/userdata'' partition.
-However, when tinkering with the systems, things can go wrong. The following is here to help you troubleshoot and fix those cases.
+<WRAP center round info>
+Batocera will automatically create the folder structure it needs on the drive you select after rebooting.
+</WRAP>
-===== Manual external storage configuration with batocera-boot.conf =====
+Batocera will only show drives it supports reading the filesystem of (with that said, [[batocera.linux_architecture#user_data_file_system|it supports a lot of them]]).
-Say you are running Batocera off a USB pendrive (or SD card) but want to host your ROM files on a different hard drive. In that case, you need to  edit ''/boot/batocera-boot.conf'' and provide the information of the hard drive that hosts your ROMs. In order to do that, you can list the UUID of the drive that hosts the ROMs by typing the ''blkid'' [[access_the_batocera_via_ssh|command]]:
+===== Manual configuration with batocera-boot.conf (advanced) =====
+In case the above isn't sufficient, or you'd like to use individual folders for each part of userdata, the "DEVICES" storage type can offer extended functionality.
+<WRAP center round tip>
+The [[:store_games_on_a_nas|NAS]] page contains more information on the syntax.
+</WRAP>
+  - [[:edit_boot_partition|Open]] ''/boot/batocera-boot.conf''
+  - Set ''sharedevice'' to ''DEVICES''
+  - Add a new line containing ''sharedevice_part1=''
+  - Add the appropriate keyword followed by an @ character (eg. ''SHARE@'' or ''ROMS@'', [[:store_games_on_a_nas#syntax|full list of keywords here]])
+  - Add the UUID of the drive containing the folder (eg. ''sharedevice_part1=SHARE@12e46ca9-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxx'')
+  - If not using the root of the drive, append a : and then add the folder path (eg. ''sharedevice_part1=ROMS@2efa1068-yyyy-yyyy-yyyy-yyyyyyyyyy:/Documents/roms'')
+  - Add up to ten parts as needed.
+These can also be combined to have individual keywords bound to individual folders. For example:
+<code>
+sharedevice=DEVICES
+sharedevice_part1=SHARE@12e46ca9-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxx
+sharedevice_part2=ROMS@2efa1068-yyyy-yyyy-yyyy-yyyyyyyyyy:/Documents/roms
+</code>
+===== DEV MODE =====
+If the above steps aren't sufficient for your purposes, you can set up the external drive manually. This will be done by editing the ''/boot/batocera-boot.conf'' file in the [[:edit_boot_partition|boot partition]] and providing the information of the partition that hosts the ROMs.
+The list of UUIDs of all drives connected to the system can be printed with the ''blkid'' [[:access_the_batocera_via_ssh|command]]. It will output something similar to the following:
 <code>
@@ Line 22: / Line 55: @@
 </code>
-In that example, ''/dev/sdb1'' is my Batocera boot partition, ''/dev/sdb2'' is the rest of my Batocera USB pendrive (that I don't want to use) and ''/dev/sda1'' is the partition hosting my ROM files. In order to use that partition, I need to edit ''/boot/batocera-boot.conf'' and replace:
+In this example, ''/dev/sda1'' is the partition on the drive hosting my ROM files. ''/dev/sdb1'' is the Batocera boot partition and ''/dev/sdb2'' is the rest of the Batocera USB pendrive (that I don't want to use).
+Open the ''/boot/batocera-boot.conf'' file. Change the ''sharedevice'' to ''DEV [UUID of the desired partition]''. For example:
 <code>
@@ Line 28: / Line 63: @@
 </code>
-with
+would be replaced with
 <code>
@@ Line 34: / Line 69: @@
 </code>
-If the drive is empty, the file structure for the ROM files will be created on next reboot.
+If the drive is empty, the folder structure for the ROM files will be created on next reboot.
 If you are using an external hard drive and it is not recognized correctly after doing this, then it might be that your external hard drive needs more time to spin up while Batocera boots. In those cases you have to edit the ''/boot/batocera-boot.conf'' file and add the line: ''sharewait=15'' underneath the aforementioned line (if it still does not work, try with a higher number like ''sharewait=20'' for example).